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• Solar Geyser: Uses roof-mounted flat-plate or evacuated tube collectors to absorb sunlight directly. It needs direct sun and often has an electric backup for cloudy days. • Heat Pump: Works like a refrigerator in reverse. It pulls heat from the ambient air to warm the water, meaning it functions day or night and in various weather conditions. • Space Requirements:• Solar Geyser: Requires dedicated, unshaded rooftop space for collectors. • Heat Pump: Takes up less space and can be installed outdoors or indoors without large roof setups. • Energy Efficiency & Cost:• Solar Geyser: Has the lowest running cost and zero emissions when the sun is out, but has a higher weather dependency. • Heat Pump: Uses up to 70% less electricity than a standard electric geyser and provides reliable heating consistency regardless of bright sunshine.